Living Lodestones: Magnetotactic Bacteria
By Catherine Faber
2 July 2001
Other References:
A.S. Bahaj, I.W. Croudace, P.A.B. James, F.D. Moeschler, and P.E. Warwick (1998). "Continuous radionuclide recovery from wastewater using magnetotactic bacteria." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 184, no. 2: 241-244.
A. Bahaj, P. James, and I. Croudace (1994). "Metal Uptake and Separation Using Magnetotactic Bacteria." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 30, no. 6: 4707.
A.S. Bahaj, P.A.B. James, D.C. Ellwood, and J.H.P. Watson (1993). "Characterization and growth of magnetotactic bacteria: Implications of clean up of environmental pollution." Journal of Applied Physics 73, no. 10, IIA: 5394.
D.L. Balkwill, D. Maratea, and R.P. Blakemore (1980). "Ultrastructure of a Magnetotactic Spirillum." Journal of Bacteriology 141(3): 1399-1408.
D.A. Bazylinski and R.B Frankel (2000). "Biologically Controlled Mineralization of Magnetic Iron Minerals by Magnetotactic Bacteria." Environmental Microbe-Metal Interactions, edited by Derek R Lovley, ASM Press, Washington D.C.
D.A. Bazylinski, R.B. Frankel, B.R. Heywood, S. Mann, J.W. King, P.L. Donaghay, and A.K. Hanson (1995). "Controlled Biomineralization of Magnetite (Fe3O4) and Greigite (Fe3S4) in a Magnetotactic Bacterium." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 61(9): 3232-3239.
D.A. Bazylinski, B.R. Heywood, S. Mann, and R.B. Frankel (1993). "Fe3O4 and Fe3S4 in a bacterium." Nature 366: 218.
D.A. Bazylinski (1996). "Controlled biomineralization of magnetic minerals by magnetotactic bacteria." Chemical Geology 132: 191-198.
R.P. Blakemore (1982). "Magnetotactic Bacteria." Annual Review of Microbiology 1982: 217-238.
J.P. Bradley, R.P. Harvey, and H.Y. McSween Jr. (1996). "Magnetite whiskers and platelets in the ALH84001 Martian meteorite: Evidence of vapor phase growth." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 60: 5149-5155.
Charles Choi (2001). UPI Science News, "Magnetic Crystals Suggest Life on Mars." United Press International, 02-27-2001.
A.J. Dean and D.A. Bazylinski (1999). "Genome Analysis of Several Marine, Magnetotactic Bacterial Strains by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis." Current Microbiology 39, no. 4: 219-225.
E.F. DeLong, R.B. Frankel, and D.A. Bazylinski (1993). "Multiple Evolutionary Origins of Magnetotaxis in Bacteria." Science 259: 803-806.
B. Devouard, M. Posfai, X. Hua, D.A. Bazylinski, R.B. Frankel, and P.R. Buseck (1998). "Magnetite from magnetotactic bacteria: Size distributions and twinning." The American Mineralogist 83, no. 11: 1387-1398.
R.E. Dunin-Borkowski, M.R. McCartney, R.B. Frankel, D.A. Bazylinski, M. Posfai, and P.R. Buseck (1998). "Magnetic Microstructure of Magnetotactic Bacteria by Electron Holography." Science 282, no. 5395: 1868-1870.
M. Farina, D. Motta, S. Esquivel, and H.G.P. Lins de Barros (1990). "Magnetic iron-sulphur crystals from a magnetotactic microorganism." Nature 343: 256-258.
J.W.E. Fassbinder, H. Stanjek, and H. Vali (1990). "Occurrence of magnetic bacteria in soil." Nature 343: 161-163.
R.B. Frankel, J.P. Zhang, and D.A. Bazylinski (1998). "Single magnetic domains in magnetotactic bacteria." Journal of Geophysical Research 103, no. B12: 30.
R.B. Frankel, D.A. Bazylinski, M.S. Johnson, and B.L. Taylor (1997). "Magneto-Aerotaxis in Marine Coccoid Bacteria." Biophysical Journal 73: 994-1000.
Y.A. Gorby, T.J. Beveridge, and R.P. Blakemore (1988). "Characterization of the Bacterial Magnetosome Membrane." Journal of Bacteriology 170(2): 834-841.
M. Hanzlik, M. Winklhofer, and N. Petersen (1996). "Spatial arrangement of chains of magnetosomes in magnetotactic bacteria." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 145: 125-134.
U. Lins and M. Farina (1999). "Phosphorus-rich granules in uncultured magnetotactic bacteria" FEMS microbiology letters. 172, no. 1: 23-28.
K.W. Mandernack, D.A. Bazylinski, W.C. Shanks III, and T.D. Bullen (1999). "Oxygen and Iron Isotope Studies of Magnetite Produced by Magnetotactic Bacteria." Science 285, no. 5435: 1892-1895.
S. Mann, R.B. Frankel, and R.P.Blakemore (1984). "Structure, morphology and crystal growth of bacterial magnetite." Nature 310: 405-407.
S. Mann (1993). "Molecular tectonics in biomineralization and biomimetic materials chemistry" Nature 365: 499-505.
S. Mann, N.H.C. Sparks, and R.G. Board (1990). "Magnetotactic Bacteria: Microbiology, Biomineralization, Palaeomagnetism and Biotechnology." Advances in Microbial Physiology 31: 125.
S. Mann, N.H.C. Sparks, R.B. Frankel, D.A. Bazylinski, and J.W. Jannasch (1990). "Biomineralization of ferrimagnetic greigite (Fe3S4) and iron pyrite (FeS2) in a magnetotactic bacterium." Nature 343: 258-261.
D.S. McKay, E.K. Gibson Jr., K.L. Thomas-Keprta, H. Vali, C.S. Romanek, S.J. Clemett, X.D.F. Chillier, C.R. Maechling, and R.N. Zare (1996). "Search for Past Life on Mars: Possible Relic Biogenic Activity in Martian Meteorite ALH84001." Science 273: 924-930.
F.C. Meldrum, S. Mann, B.R. Heywood, R.B. Frankel, and D.A. Bazylinski (1993). "Electron microscopy study of magnetosomes in a cultured coccoid magnetotactic bacterium." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences. 251(1332): 231-236 (March 22).
F.C. Meldrum, S. Mann, B.R. Heywood, R.B. Frankel, and D.A. Bazylinski (1993). "Electron microscopy study of magnetosomes in two cultured vibrioid magnetotactic bacteria." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences. 251(1332): 237-242 (March 22).
B.M. Moskowitz, R.B. Frankel, and D.A. Bazylinski (1993). "Rock magnetic criteria for the detection of biogenic magnetite." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 120: 283-300.
F.S.Nogueira and H.G.P.Lins de Barros (1995). "Study of the motion of magnetotactic bacteria." European Biophysics Journal. EBJ. 24, no. 1: 13-22.
H. Petermann and U. Bleil (1993). "Detection of live magnetotactic bacteria in South Atlantic deep-sea sediments." Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 117, no. 3-4 (June): 223.
N. Petersen, T.V. Dobeneck, and H. Vali (1986). "Fossil bacterial magnetite in deep sea sediments from the South Atlantic Ocean." Nature 320: 611-615.
M. Posfai, P.R. Buseck, D.A. Bazylinski, and R.B. Frankel (1998). "Iron sulfides from magnetotactic bacteria: Structure, composition, and phase transitions." The American Mineralogist 83, no. 11: 1469-1481.
M. Posfai, P.R. Buseck, D.A. Bazylinski, and R.B. Frankel (1998). "Reaction Sequence of Iron Sulfide Minerals in Bacteria and Their Use as Biomarkers." Science 280: 880-883.
T. Sakaguchi, J.G. Burgess, and T. Matsunaga (1993). "Magnetite Formation by a sulphate-reducing bacterium." Nature 365: 47-49.
V.P. Shcherbakov, M. Winklhofer, M. Hanzlik, and N. Petersen (1998). "Elastic stability of chains of magnetosomes in magnetotactic bacteria." European Biophysics Journal EBJ. 26, no. 4: 319-326.
K.L. Thomas-Keprta, S.J. Clemett, D.A. Bazylinski, J.L. Kirschivnk, D.S. McKay, S.J. Wentworth, H. Vali, E.K. Gibson Jr., M.F. McKay, and C.S. Romanek (2001). "Truncated hexa-octahedral magnetite crystals in ALH84001: Presumptive biosignatures." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98, no. 5: 2164-2169.
H. Vali, O. Forster, G. Amarantidis, and N. Petersen (1987). "Magnetotactic bacteria and their magnetofossils in sediments," Earth and Planetary Science Letters 86: 389-400.
